2-Hydroxyglutaric acid (Compound)

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ID	2073
Name	2-Hydroxyglutaric acid
Synonyms	alpha-Hydroxyglutarate; 2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid
Structure	MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI Structure for EE002073 (2-Hydroxyglutaric acid) 3D Structure for EE002073 (2-Hydroxyglutaric acid) Mrv1652309042000402D 10 9 0 0 0 0 999 V2000 9999.2646 9999.7892 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9999.979310000.2013 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10000.6939 9999.7892 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10001.411510000.2013 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10002.1250 9999.7892 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10001.411510001.0261 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9998.549810000.2013 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9997.8349 9999.7892 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9998.549810001.0261 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9999.2646 9998.9638 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 7 1 0 0 0 0 1 10 1 0 0 0 0 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 3 4 1 0 0 0 0 4 5 1 0 0 0 0 4 6 2 0 0 0 0 7 8 1 0 0 0 0 7 9 2 0 0 0 0 M END > <DATABASE_ID> EE002073 > <DATABASE_NAME> ExposomeExplorer > <SMILES> OC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O > <INCHI_IDENTIFIER> InChI=1S/C5H8O5/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3,6H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10) > <INCHI_KEY> HWXBTNAVRSUOJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N > <FORMULA> C5H8O5 > <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT> 148.114 > <EXACT_MASS> 148.037173366 > <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT> 5 > <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT> 18 > <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY> 12.97429694878232 > <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY> 1 > <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT> 3 > <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE> 0 > <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER> 0 > <JCHEM_IUPAC> 2-hydroxypentanedioic acid > <ALOGPS_LOGP> -1.04 > <JCHEM_LOGP> -0.824980223 > <ALOGPS_LOGS> 0.03 > <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE> 0 > <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS> 0 > <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE> -2 > <JCHEM_PKA> 4.159324461588801 > <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC> 3.276485914460605 > <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC> -3.8068384384876675 > <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA> 94.83000000000001 > <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY> 29.6302 > <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT> 4 > <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE> 1 > <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY> 1.57e+02 g/l > <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC> 2-hydroxyglutaric acid > <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE> 0 $$$$
Description	2-Hydroxyglutaric acid exists in 2 isomers; both the D- and the L- stereoisomers of hydroxyglutaric acid are found in body fluids (hmdb).
Classification	Compounds > Chemical entities > Organic compounds > Organic acids and derivatives > Hydroxy acids and derivatives > Short-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives
CAS number	2889-31-8
PubChem ID	43
ChEBI ID	17084
FooDB ID
HMDB ID	HMDB0059655

Chemical data

MolDBi data

IUPAC Name	2-hydroxypentanedioic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name	2-hydroxyglutaric acid
Formula	C5H8O5
InChI	InChI=1S/C5H8O5/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3,6H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)
InChI Key	HWXBTNAVRSUOJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular weight	148.114
Exact mass	148.037173366
SMILES	OC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O

ClassyFire Taxonomy

Description	belongs to the class of organic compounds known as short-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives. These are hydroxy acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms.
Kingdom	Organic compounds
Super Class	Organic acids and derivatives
Class	Hydroxy acids and derivatives
Sub Class	Short-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives
Direct Parent	Short-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents	Monosaccharides Fatty acids and conjugates Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives Secondary alcohols Carboxylic acids Organic oxides Hydrocarbon derivatives Carbonyl compounds

Publications with 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid

ID	Title	First author	Authors	Year	Journal	Volume	Issue	Pages	PubMed ID	DOI	Study design	No. of Biomarkers	No. of Intake values	No. of Concentration values	No. of Reproducibility values	No. of Correlation values	No. of Metabolomic associations	No. of Microbiota associations	No. of Cancer associations

Biomarker data

Measurements of 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid in biospecimens

Concentration values

ID	Parent ID	Depth	Subject group	Population	Country	Cohort	Biomarker Time definition	Biospecimen	Analytical method	Biomarker	Biomarker detail	Measurement size	Detected (nb)	Detected (%)	Detected only?	Arithmethic mean	Arithmethic SD	Geometric mean	Geometric SD	Min	Min (detected)	Percentile_05	Percentile_10	Percentile_25	Median	Percentile_75	Percentile_90	Percentile_95	Max	Interquartile range	Mean 95% CI lower	Mean 95% CI upper	GMean 95% CI lower	GMean 95% CI upper	Unit	Converted arithmetic mean	Converted geometric mean	Converted median	Converted unit	Adjustment type	Adjusted on	Regressed on	Expressed as	Publication

Reproducibility values

ID	Excretion ID	Subject group	Population	Country	Cohort	Biomarker Time definition	Biospecimen	Analytical method	Biomarker	Biomarker detail	Arithmetic mean	Geometric mean	Median	Unit	Adjusted on	Reproducibility size	ICC	ICC 95% CI lower	ICC 95% CI upper	CV% WS	CV% BS	VAR WS	VAR BS	Publication

Associations of 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid with exposures

Correlation values

ID	Intake ID	Excretion ID	Subject group	Population	Country	Cohort	Intake Time definition	Intake Assessment method	Intake	Intake detail	Supplement intakes included?	Intake Arithmetic mean	Intake Geometric mean	Intake Median	Intake Unit	Intake Adjusted on	Biomarker Time definition	Biospecimen	Analytical method	Biomarker	Biomarker detail	Biomarker Arithmetic mean	Biomarker Geometric mean	Biomarker Median	Biomarker Unit	Biomarker Adjusted on	Correlation size	Correlation type	Correlation value	Correlation 95% CI lower	Correlation 95% CI upper	Correlation p-value	Significant?	Measurement adjustment	Deattenuated?	Covariates	Publication

Metabolomic associations

ID	Intake ID	Excretion ID	Subject group	Population	Country	Cohort	No. of subjects	Intake Assessment method	Intake	Intervention dose	Biospecimen	Analytical method	Biomarker	Structural identification	Feature selection	Area under curve	Sensitivity	Specificity	PLS-DA VIP	Beta coefficient	Beta coefficient p-value	ANOVA p-value	Publication

Microbiota associations

ID	Biomarker	Experimental evidence	Organism	Biospecimen	Antibiotic	Bacterial source	Substrate	Publication

Associations of 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid with cancer risk

Cancer associations

ID	Excretion ID	Subject group	Population	Country	Cohort	No. of subjects	No. of cases	No. of controls	Biospecimen	Analytical method	Biomarker	Biomarker detail	Cancer	Study design	Publication

Exposure data

Measurements of 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid exposures in populations

Intake values

ID	Parent ID	Depth	Subject group	Population	Country	Cohort	Intake Time definition	Intake assessment tool	Intake food coverage	Intake time coverage	Intake Assessment method	Intake	Intake detail	Food description	Supplement intakes included?	Measurement size	Detected (nb)	Detected (%)	Detected only?	Arithmethic mean	Arithmethic SD	Geometric mean	Geometric SD	Min	Min (detected)	Percentile_05	Percentile_10	Percentile_25	Median	Percentile_75	Percentile_90	Percentile_95	Max	Interquartile range	Mean 95% CI lower	Mean 95% CI upper	GMean 95% CI lower	GMean 95% CI upper	Unit	Converted arithmetic mean	Converted geometric mean	Converted median	Converted unit	Adjustment type	Adjusted on	Regressed on	Expressed as	Publication

Associations of 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid exposures with biomarkers

Correlation values

ID	Intake ID	Excretion ID	Subject group	Population	Country	Cohort	Intake Time definition	Intake Assessment method	Intake	Intake detail	Supplement intakes included?	Intake Arithmetic mean	Intake Geometric mean	Intake Median	Intake Unit	Intake Adjusted on	Biomarker Time definition	Biospecimen	Analytical method	Biomarker	Biomarker detail	Biomarker Arithmetic mean	Biomarker Geometric mean	Biomarker Median	Biomarker Unit	Biomarker Adjusted on	Correlation size	Correlation type	Correlation value	Correlation 95% CI lower	Correlation 95% CI upper	Correlation p-value	Significant?	Measurement adjustment	Deattenuated?	Covariates	Publication