542 | 649 | 646 | All | Women living in the Helsinki area | Finland | FI | | | Dietary record (5-day) | Fibre from Cereals | | | 10.02 | | | g/day | | | Plasma, fasting | HPLC after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | 94.0 | | | nmol/L | | 56 | Pearson | 0.463 | | | < 0.001 | Yes | | | Age, BMI | Aubertin-Leheudre 2010 |
543 | 651 | 646 | All | Women living in the Helsinki area | Finland | FI | | | Dietary record (5-day) | Fibre from Vegetables | | | | | | g/day | | | Plasma, fasting | HPLC after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | 94.0 | | | nmol/L | | 56 | Pearson | 0.024 | | | >= 0.05 | No | | | Age, BMI | Aubertin-Leheudre 2010 |
544 | 652 | 646 | All | Women living in the Helsinki area | Finland | FI | | | Dietary record (5-day) | Fibre from Fruits | | | | | | g/day | | | Plasma, fasting | HPLC after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | 94.0 | | | nmol/L | | 56 | Pearson | 0.117 | | | >= 0.05 | No | | | Age, BMI | Aubertin-Leheudre 2010 |
545 | 650 | 646 | All | Women living in the Helsinki area | Finland | FI | | | Dietary record (5-day) | Dietary fibre | Fibre from Cereals
Fibre from Fruits
Fibre from Vegetables
| | 19.84 | | | g/day | | | Plasma, fasting | HPLC after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | 94.0 | | | nmol/L | | 56 | Pearson | 0.376 | | | < 0.01 | Yes | | | Age, BMI | Aubertin-Leheudre 2010 |
616 | 685 | 679 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Whole grain cereals | | | | 15.9 | | g/day | | 1 year | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 3.3 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.34 | 0.16 | 0.5 | < 0.001 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
617 | 690 | 679 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Whole grain cereals | | | | 23.0 | | g/day | | 1 year | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 3.3 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.32 | 0.13 | 0.48 | < 0.01 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
618 | 686 | 679 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Bran | | | | 3.8 | | g/day | | 1 year | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 3.3 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.26 | 0.07 | 0.43 | < 0.01 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
619 | 691 | 679 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Bran | | | | 4.9 | | g/day | | 1 year | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 3.3 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.16 | -0.04 | 0.34 | >= 0.05 | No | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
620 | 687 | 679 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Germ | | | | 0.8 | | g/day | | 1 year | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 3.3 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.21 | 0.02 | 0.39 | < 0.05 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
621 | 692 | 679 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Germ | | | | 1.3 | | g/day | | 1 year | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 3.3 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.38 | < 0.05 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
622 | 683 | 679 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Dietary fibre | Fibre from Cereals
| | | 19.0 | | g/day | | 1 year | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 3.3 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.28 | 0.09 | 0.45 | < 0.01 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
623 | 688 | 679 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Dietary fibre | Fibre from Cereals
| | | 19.7 | | g/day | | 1 year | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 3.3 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.29 | 0.1 | 0.45 | < 0.01 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
624 | 684 | 679 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Fibre from Cereals | | | | 5.8 | | g/day | | 1 year | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 3.3 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.33 | 0.14 | 0.49 | < 0.001 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
625 | 689 | 679 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Fibre from Cereals | | | | 6.4 | | g/day | | 1 year | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 3.3 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.28 | 0.09 | 0.45 | < 0.01 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
636 | 685 | 681 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Whole grain cereals | | | | 15.9 | | g/day | | 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 4.2 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.23 | 0.04 | 0.4 | < 0.05 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
637 | 690 | 681 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Whole grain cereals | | | | 23.0 | | g/day | | 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 4.2 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.16 | -0.04 | 0.34 | >= 0.05 | No | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
638 | 686 | 681 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Bran | | | | 3.8 | | g/day | | 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 4.2 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.38 | < 0.05 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
639 | 691 | 681 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Bran | | | | 4.9 | | g/day | | 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 4.2 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.14 | -0.05 | 0.33 | >= 0.05 | No | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
640 | 687 | 681 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Germ | | | | 0.8 | | g/day | | 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 4.2 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.13 | -0.07 | 0.32 | >= 0.05 | No | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
641 | 692 | 681 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Germ | | | | 1.3 | | g/day | | 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 4.2 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.06 | -0.14 | 0.25 | >= 0.05 | No | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
642 | 683 | 681 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Dietary fibre | Fibre from Cereals
| | | 19.0 | | g/day | | 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 4.2 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.16 | -0.04 | 0.34 | >= 0.05 | No | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
643 | 688 | 681 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Dietary fibre | Fibre from Cereals
| | | 19.7 | | g/day | | 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 4.2 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.29 | 0.1 | 0.45 | < 0.001 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
644 | 684 | 681 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Fibre from Cereals | | | | 5.8 | | g/day | | 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 4.2 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.21 | 0.01 | 0.38 | < 0.05 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
645 | 689 | 681 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Fibre from Cereals | | | | 6.4 | | g/day | | 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | 4.2 | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.16 | -0.03 | 0.34 | >= 0.05 | No | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
656 | 685 | 695 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Whole grain cereals | | | | 15.9 | | g/day | | 1 year; 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.42 | < 0.01 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
657 | 690 | 695 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Whole grain cereals | | | | 23.0 | | g/day | | 1 year; 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.17 | -0.03 | 0.35 | >= 0.05 | No | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
658 | 686 | 695 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Bran | | | | 3.8 | | g/day | | 1 year; 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.3 | 0.12 | 0.47 | < 0.01 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
659 | 691 | 695 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Bran | | | | 4.9 | | g/day | | 1 year; 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.37 | >= 0.05 | No | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
660 | 687 | 695 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Germ | | | | 0.8 | | g/day | | 1 year; 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.22 | 0.03 | 0.4 | < 0.05 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
661 | 692 | 695 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Germ | | | | 1.3 | | g/day | | 1 year; 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.17 | -0.02 | 0.35 | >= 0.05 | No | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
662 | 683 | 695 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Dietary fibre | Fibre from Cereals
| | | 19.0 | | g/day | | 1 year; 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.29 | 0.1 | 0.46 | < 0.01 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
663 | 688 | 695 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Dietary fibre | Fibre from Cereals
| | | 19.7 | | g/day | | 1 year; 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.38 | 0.2 | 0.53 | < 0.001 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
664 | 684 | 695 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | baseline | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Fibre from Cereals | | | | 5.8 | | g/day | | 1 year; 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.35 | 0.17 | 0.51 | < 0.01 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
665 | 689 | 695 | All | Women participant in the hormone stability study | United States | US | NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II) | 4 years | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) | Fibre from Cereals | | | | 6.4 | | g/day | | 1 year; 2.8 years | Urine, first morning spot | GC-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | | | | umol/L | | 95 | Spearman | 0.29 | 0.1 | 0.46 | < 0.01 | Yes | Energy by residual method, Creatinine | No | | Landberg 2012 |
3188 | 3456 | 3447 | All [by diet] | Postmenopausal and premenopausal women living in the Helsinki area | Finland | FI | | | Dietary record (5-day) | Fibre from Cereals | | | 10.0 | | | g/day | | | Urine, 24-h | HPLC after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | 26.8 | | | umol/day | | 56 | Pearson | 0.359 | | | = 0.008 | Yes | | | BMI, Age | Aubertin-Leheudre 2008 |
3190 | 3460 | 3447 | All [by diet] | Postmenopausal and premenopausal women living in the Helsinki area | Finland | FI | | | Dietary record (5-day) | Dietary fibre | Fibre from Berries
Fibre from Cereals
Fibre from Legumes
Fibre from Vegetables
| | 19.8 | | | g/day | | | Urine, 24-h | HPLC after enzymatic hydrolysis | 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | | 26.8 | | | umol/day | | 56 | Pearson | 0.3 | | | = 0.025 | Yes | | | BMI, Age | Aubertin-Leheudre 2008 |